/*
 * %W% %E%
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2006, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */
 
package java.io;

import java.security.*;
import java.util.Enumeration;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.Vector;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;

/**
 * This class represents access to a file or directory.  A FilePermission consists
 * of a pathname and a set of actions valid for that pathname.
 * <P>
 * Pathname is the pathname of the file or directory granted the specified
 * actions. A pathname that ends in "/*" (where "/" is
 * the file separator character, <code>File.separatorChar</code>) indicates
 * all the files and directories contained in that directory. A pathname
 * that ends with "/-" indicates (recursively) all files
 * and subdirectories contained in that directory. A pathname consisting of
 * the special token "&lt;&lt;ALL FILES&gt;&gt;" matches <b>any</b> file.
 * <P>
 * Note: A pathname consisting of a single "*" indicates all the files
 * in the current directory, while a pathname consisting of a single "-" 
 * indicates all the files in the current directory and
 * (recursively) all files and subdirectories contained in the current 
 * directory.
 * <P>
 * The actions to be granted are passed to the constructor in a string containing 
 * a list of one or more comma-separated keywords. The possible keywords are
 * "read", "write", "execute", and "delete". Their meaning is defined as follows:
 * <P>
 * <DL> 
 *    <DT> read <DD> read permission
 *    <DT> write <DD> write permission
 *    <DT> execute 
 *    <DD> execute permission. Allows <code>Runtime.exec</code> to
 *         be called. Corresponds to <code>SecurityManager.checkExec</code>.
 *    <DT> delete
 *    <DD> delete permission. Allows <code>File.delete</code> to
 *         be called. Corresponds to <code>SecurityManager.checkDelete</code>.
 * </DL>
 * <P>
 * The actions string is converted to lowercase before processing.
 * <P>
 * Be careful when granting FilePermissions. Think about the implications 
 * of granting read and especially write access to various files and 
 * directories. The "&lt;&lt;ALL FILES>>" permission with write action is 
 * especially dangerous. This grants permission to write to the entire 
 * file system. One thing this effectively allows is replacement of the 
 * system binary, including the JVM runtime environment.
 * 
 * <p>Please note: Code can always read a file from the same
 * directory it's in (or a subdirectory of that directory); it does not
 * need explicit permission to do so.
 * 
 * @see java.security.Permission
 * @see java.security.Permissions
 * @see java.security.PermissionCollection
 *
 * @version %I% %E%
 *
 * @author Marianne Mueller
 * @author Roland Schemers
 * @since 1.2
 *
 * @serial exclude
 */

public final class FilePermission extends Permission implements Serializable {

    /**
     * Execute action.
     */
    private final static int EXECUTE = 0x1;
    /**
     * Write action.
     */
    private final static int WRITE   = 0x2;
    /**
     * Read action.
     */
    private final static int READ    = 0x4;
    /**
     * Delete action.
     */
    private final static int DELETE  = 0x8;

    /**
     * All actions (read,write,execute,delete)
     */
    private final static int ALL     = READ|WRITE|EXECUTE|DELETE;
    /**
     * No actions.
     */
    private final static int NONE    = 0x0;

    // the actions mask
    private transient int mask;

    // does path indicate a directory? (wildcard or recursive)
    private transient boolean directory;

    // is it a recursive directory specification?
    private transient boolean recursive;

    /**
     * the actions string. 
     *
     * @serial
     */
    private String actions; // Left null as long as possible, then
                            // created and re-used in the getAction function.

    // canonicalized dir path. In the case of
    // directories, it is the name "/blah/*" or "/blah/-" without
    // the last character (the "*" or "-").

    private transient String cpath;

    // static Strings used by init(int mask)
    private static final char RECURSIVE_CHAR = '-';
    private static final char WILD_CHAR = '*';

/*
    public String toString()
    {
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
	sb.append("***\n");
	sb.append("cpath = "+cpath+"\n");
	sb.append("mask = "+mask+"\n");
	sb.append("actions = "+getActions()+"\n");
	sb.append("directory = "+directory+"\n");
	sb.append("recursive = "+recursive+"\n");
	sb.append("***\n");
	return sb.toString();
    }
*/

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7930732926638008763L;

    /**
     * initialize a FilePermission object. Common to all constructors.
     * Also called during de-serialization.
     *
     * @param mask the actions mask to use.
     *
     */
    private void init(int mask) 
    {

	if ((mask & ALL) != mask) 
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid actions mask");

	if (mask == NONE) 
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid actions mask");

	if ((cpath = getName()) == null) 
		throw new NullPointerException("name can't be null");

	this.mask = mask;

	if (cpath.equals("<<ALL FILES>>")) {
	    directory = true;
	    recursive = true;
	    cpath = "";
	    return;
	}

	// store only the canonical cpath if possible
	cpath = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<String>() {
	    public String run() {
		try {
		    return sun.security.provider.PolicyFile.canonPath(cpath);
		} catch (IOException ioe) {
		    return cpath;
		}
	    }
	});

	int len = cpath.length();
	char last = ((len > 0) ? cpath.charAt(len - 1) : 0);

	if (last == RECURSIVE_CHAR &&
	    cpath.charAt(len - 2) == File.separatorChar) {
	    directory = true;
	    recursive = true;
	    cpath = cpath.substring(0, --len);
	} else if (last == WILD_CHAR &&
	    cpath.charAt(len - 2) == File.separatorChar) {
	    directory = true;
	    //recursive = false;
	    cpath = cpath.substring(0, --len);
	} else {
	    // overkill since they are initialized to false, but 
	    // commented out here to remind us...
	    //directory = false;
	    //recursive = false;
	}

	// XXX: at this point the path should be absolute. die if it isn't?
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new FilePermission object with the specified actions.
     * <i>path</i> is the pathname of a file or directory, and <i>actions</i>
     * contains a comma-separated list of the desired actions granted on the
     * file or directory. Possible actions are
     * "read", "write", "execute", and "delete". 
     * 
     * <p>A pathname that ends in "/*" (where "/" is
     * the file separator character, <code>File.separatorChar</code>) 
     * indicates all the files and directories contained in that directory.
     * A pathname that ends with "/-" indicates (recursively) all files and
     * subdirectories contained in that directory. The special pathname
     * "&lt;&lt;ALL FILES&gt;&gt;" matches any file.
     * 
     * <p>A pathname consisting of a single "*" indicates all the files
     * in the current directory, while a pathname consisting of a single "-" 
     * indicates all the files in the current directory and
     * (recursively) all files and subdirectories contained in the current 
     * directory.
     *
     * <p>A pathname containing an empty string represents an empty path.
     * 
     * @param path the pathname of the file/directory.
     * @param actions the action string.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException
     *		If actions is <code>null</code>, empty or contains an action
     *		other than the specified possible actions.
     */

    public FilePermission(String path, String actions) 
    {
	super(path);
	init(getMask(actions));
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new FilePermission object using an action mask.
     * More efficient than the FilePermission(String, String) constructor.
     * Can be used from within
     * code that needs to create a FilePermission object to pass into the 
     * <code>implies</code> method. 
     *
     * @param path the pathname of the file/directory.
     * @param mask the action mask to use.
     */

    // package private for use by the FilePermissionCollection add method
    FilePermission(String path, int mask) 
    {
	super(path);
	init(mask);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if this FilePermission object "implies" the specified permission.
     * <P>
     * More specifically, this method returns true if:<p>
     * <ul>
     * <li> <i>p</i> is an instanceof FilePermission,<p>
     * <li> <i>p</i>'s actions are a proper subset of this
     * object's actions, and <p>
     * <li> <i>p</i>'s pathname is implied by this object's
     *      pathname. For example, "/tmp/*" implies "/tmp/foo", since
     *      "/tmp/*" encompasses all files in the "/tmp" directory,
     *      including the one named "foo".
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param p the permission to check against.
     *
     * @return <code>true</code> if the specified permission is not
     * 			<code>null</code> and is implied by this object,
     *			<code>false</code> otherwise.  
     */
    public boolean implies(Permission p) {
	if (!(p instanceof FilePermission))
	    return false;

	FilePermission that = (FilePermission) p;

	// we get the effective mask. i.e., the "and" of this and that.
	// They must be equal to that.mask for implies to return true.

	return ((this.mask & that.mask) == that.mask) && impliesIgnoreMask(that);
    }

    /**
     * Checks if the Permission's actions are a proper subset of the
     * this object's actions. Returns the effective mask iff the
     * this FilePermission's path also implies that FilePermission's path.
     * 
     * @param that the FilePermission to check against.
     * @param exact return immediately if the masks are not equal
     * @return the effective mask
     */
    boolean impliesIgnoreMask(FilePermission that) {
	if (this.directory) {
	    if (this.recursive) {
		// make sure that.path is longer then path so
		// something like /foo/- does not imply /foo
		if (that.directory) {
		    return (that.cpath.length() >= this.cpath.length()) &&
			    that.cpath.startsWith(this.cpath);
		}  else {
		    return ((that.cpath.length() > this.cpath.length()) &&
		        that.cpath.startsWith(this.cpath));
		}
	    } else {
		if (that.directory) {
		    // if the permission passed in is a directory
		    // specification, make sure that a non-recursive
		    // permission (i.e., this object) can't imply a recursive
		    // permission.
		    if (that.recursive)
			return false;
		    else 
			return (this.cpath.equals(that.cpath));
		} else {
		    int last = that.cpath.lastIndexOf(File.separatorChar);
		    if (last == -1) 
			return false;
		    else {
			// this.cpath.equals(that.cpath.substring(0, last+1));
			// Use regionMatches to avoid creating new string
			return (this.cpath.length() == (last + 1)) &&
			    this.cpath.regionMatches(0, that.cpath, 0, last+1);
		    }
		}
	    }
	} else if (that.directory) {
	    // if this is NOT recursive/wildcarded,
	    // do not let it imply a recursive/wildcarded permission
	    return false;
	} else {
	    return (this.cpath.equals(that.cpath));
	}
    }

    /**
     * Checks two FilePermission objects for equality. Checks that <i>obj</i> is
     * a FilePermission, and has the same pathname and actions as this object.
     * <P>
     * @param obj the object we are testing for equality with this object.
     * @return <code>true</code> if obj is a FilePermission, and has the same
     * 		pathname and actions as this FilePermission object,
     *		<code>false</code> otherwise.
     */
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
	if (obj == this)
	    return true;

	if (! (obj instanceof FilePermission))
	    return false;

	FilePermission that = (FilePermission) obj;

	return (this.mask == that.mask) && 
	    this.cpath.equals(that.cpath) &&
	    (this.directory == that.directory) &&
	    (this.recursive == that.recursive);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the hash code value for this object.
     * 
     * @return a hash code value for this object.
     */

    public int hashCode() {
	return this.cpath.hashCode();
    }

    /**
     * Converts an actions String to an actions mask.
     *
     * @param action the action string.
     * @return the actions mask.
     */
    private static int getMask(String actions) {

	int mask = NONE;

	// Null action valid?
	if (actions == null) {
	    return mask;
	}
	// Check against use of constants (used heavily within the JDK)
	if (actions == SecurityConstants.FILE_READ_ACTION) {
	    return READ;
	} else if (actions == SecurityConstants.FILE_WRITE_ACTION) {
	    return WRITE;
	} else if (actions == SecurityConstants.FILE_EXECUTE_ACTION) {
	    return EXECUTE;
	} else if (actions == SecurityConstants.FILE_DELETE_ACTION) {
	    return DELETE;
	}
	
	char[] a = actions.toCharArray();

	int i = a.length - 1;
	if (i < 0)
	    return mask;

	while (i != -1) {
	    char c;

	    // skip whitespace
	    while ((i!=-1) && ((c = a[i]) == ' ' ||
			       c == '\r' ||
			       c == '\n' ||
			       c == '\f' ||
			       c == '\t'))
		i--;

	    // check for the known strings
	    int matchlen;

	    if (i >= 3 && (a[i-3] == 'r' || a[i-3] == 'R') &&
			  (a[i-2] == 'e' || a[i-2] == 'E') &&
			  (a[i-1] == 'a' || a[i-1] == 'A') &&
			  (a[i] == 'd' || a[i] == 'D'))
	    {
		matchlen = 4;
		mask |= READ;

	    } else if (i >= 4 && (a[i-4] == 'w' || a[i-4] == 'W') &&
				 (a[i-3] == 'r' || a[i-3] == 'R') &&
				 (a[i-2] == 'i' || a[i-2] == 'I') &&
				 (a[i-1] == 't' || a[i-1] == 'T') &&
				 (a[i] == 'e' || a[i] == 'E'))
	    {
		matchlen = 5;
		mask |= WRITE;

	    } else if (i >= 6 && (a[i-6] == 'e' || a[i-6] == 'E') &&
		                 (a[i-5] == 'x' || a[i-5] == 'X') &&
				 (a[i-4] == 'e' || a[i-4] == 'E') &&
				 (a[i-3] == 'c' || a[i-3] == 'C') &&
				 (a[i-2] == 'u' || a[i-2] == 'U') &&
				 (a[i-1] == 't' || a[i-1] == 'T') &&
				 (a[i] == 'e' || a[i] == 'E'))
	    {
		matchlen = 7;
		mask |= EXECUTE;

	    } else if (i >= 5 && (a[i-5] == 'd' || a[i-5] == 'D') &&
				 (a[i-4] == 'e' || a[i-4] == 'E') &&
				 (a[i-3] == 'l' || a[i-3] == 'L') &&
				 (a[i-2] == 'e' || a[i-2] == 'E') &&
				 (a[i-1] == 't' || a[i-1] == 'T') &&
				 (a[i] == 'e' || a[i] == 'E'))
	    {
		matchlen = 6;
		mask |= DELETE;

	    } else {
		// parse error
		throw new IllegalArgumentException(
			"invalid permission: " + actions);
	    }

	    // make sure we didn't just match the tail of a word
	    // like "ackbarfaccept".  Also, skip to the comma.
	    boolean seencomma = false;
	    while (i >= matchlen && !seencomma) {
		switch(a[i-matchlen]) {
		case ',':
		    seencomma = true;
		    /*FALLTHROUGH*/
		case ' ': case '\r': case '\n':
		case '\f': case '\t':
		    break;
		default:
		    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
			    "invalid permission: " + actions);
		}
		i--;
	    }

	    // point i at the location of the comma minus one (or -1).
	    i -= matchlen;
	}

	return mask;
    }

    /**
     * Return the current action mask. Used by the FilePermissionCollection.
     *
     * @return the actions mask.
     */

    int getMask() {
	return mask;
    }

    /**
     * Return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     * Always returns present actions in the following order: 
     * read, write, execute, delete.
     *
     * @return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     */
    private static String getActions(int mask)
    {
	StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        boolean comma = false;

	if ((mask & READ) == READ) {
	    comma = true;
	    sb.append("read");
	}

	if ((mask & WRITE) == WRITE) {
	    if (comma) sb.append(',');
    	    else comma = true;
	    sb.append("write");
	}

	if ((mask & EXECUTE) == EXECUTE) {
	    if (comma) sb.append(',');
    	    else comma = true;
	    sb.append("execute");
	}

	if ((mask & DELETE) == DELETE) {
	    if (comma) sb.append(',');
    	    else comma = true;
	    sb.append("delete");
	}

	return sb.toString();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the "canonical string representation" of the actions.
     * That is, this method always returns present actions in the following order: 
     * read, write, execute, delete. For example, if this FilePermission object
     * allows both write and read actions, a call to <code>getActions</code>
     * will return the string "read,write".
     *
     * @return the canonical string representation of the actions.
     */
    public String getActions()
    {
	if (actions == null)
	    actions = getActions(this.mask);

	return actions;
    }


    /**
     * Returns a new PermissionCollection object for storing FilePermission 
     * objects.
     * <p>
     * FilePermission objects must be stored in a manner that allows them 
     * to be inserted into the collection in any order, but that also enables the 
     * PermissionCollection <code>implies</code>
     * method to be implemented in an efficient (and consistent) manner.
     * 
     * <p>For example, if you have two FilePermissions:
     * <OL>
     * <LI>  <code>"/tmp/-", "read"</code>
     * <LI>  <code>"/tmp/scratch/foo", "write"</code>
     * </OL>
     * 
     * <p>and you are calling the <code>implies</code> method with the FilePermission: 
     * 
     * <pre>
     *   "/tmp/scratch/foo", "read,write", 
     * </pre>
     * 
     * then the <code>implies</code> function must
     * take into account both the "/tmp/-" and "/tmp/scratch/foo"
     * permissions, so the effective permission is "read,write",
     * and <code>implies</code> returns true. The "implies" semantics for 
     * FilePermissions are handled properly by the PermissionCollection object
     * returned by this <code>newPermissionCollection</code> method.
     *
     * @return a new PermissionCollection object suitable for storing 
     * FilePermissions.
     */

    public PermissionCollection newPermissionCollection() {
	return new FilePermissionCollection();
    }

    /**
     * WriteObject is called to save the state of the FilePermission 
     * to a stream. The actions are serialized, and the superclass
     * takes care of the name.
     */
    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s)
        throws IOException
    {
	// Write out the actions. The superclass takes care of the name
	// call getActions to make sure actions field is initialized
	if (actions == null)
	    getActions();
	s.defaultWriteObject();
    }

    /**
     * readObject is called to restore the state of the FilePermission from
     * a stream.
     */
    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
         throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
    {
	// Read in the actions, then restore everything else by calling init.
	s.defaultReadObject();
	init(getMask(actions));
    }
}

/**
 * A FilePermissionCollection stores a set of FilePermission permissions. 
 * FilePermission objects
 * must be stored in a manner that allows them to be inserted in any
 * order, but enable the implies function to evaluate the implies
 * method.
 * For example, if you have two FilePermissions:
 * <OL>
 * <LI> "/tmp/-", "read"
 * <LI> "/tmp/scratch/foo", "write"
 * </OL>
 * And you are calling the implies function with the FilePermission: 
 * "/tmp/scratch/foo", "read,write", then the implies function must
 * take into account both the /tmp/- and /tmp/scratch/foo
 * permissions, so the effective permission is "read,write".
 * 
 * @see java.security.Permission
 * @see java.security.Permissions
 * @see java.security.PermissionCollection
 *
 * @version %I% %G%
 *
 * @author Marianne Mueller
 * @author Roland Schemers
 *
 * @serial include
 *
 */

final class FilePermissionCollection extends PermissionCollection
implements Serializable {

    // Not serialized; see serialization section at end of class
    private transient List perms;

    /**
     * Create an empty FilePermissions object.
     *
     */

    public FilePermissionCollection() {
	perms = new ArrayList();
    }

    /**
     * Adds a permission to the FilePermissions. The key for the hash is
     * permission.path.
     *
     * @param permission the Permission object to add.
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException - if the permission is not a
     *                                       FilePermission 
     *
     * @exception SecurityException - if this FilePermissionCollection object
     *                                has been marked readonly
     */

    public void add(Permission permission)
    {
	if (! (permission instanceof FilePermission))
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("invalid permission: "+
					       permission);
	if (isReadOnly())
	    throw new SecurityException(
		"attempt to add a Permission to a readonly PermissionCollection");
	    
	synchronized (this) {
	    perms.add(permission);
	}
    }

    /**
     * Check and see if this set of permissions implies the permissions 
     * expressed in "permission".
     *
     * @param p the Permission object to compare
     *
     * @return true if "permission" is a proper subset of a permission in 
     * the set, false if not.
     */

    public boolean implies(Permission permission) 
    {
	if (! (permission instanceof FilePermission))
   		return false;

	FilePermission fp = (FilePermission) permission;

	int desired = fp.getMask();
	int effective = 0;
	int needed = desired;

	synchronized (this) {
	    int len = perms.size();
	    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		FilePermission x = (FilePermission) perms.get(i);
		if (((needed & x.getMask()) != 0) && x.impliesIgnoreMask(fp)) {
		    effective |=  x.getMask();
		    if ((effective & desired) == desired)
			return true;
		    needed = (desired ^ effective);
		}
	    }
	}
	return false;
    }

    /**
     * Returns an enumeration of all the FilePermission objects in the 
     * container.
     *
     * @return an enumeration of all the FilePermission objects.
     */

    public Enumeration elements() {
        // Convert Iterator into Enumeration
	synchronized (this) {
	    return Collections.enumeration(perms);
	}
    }

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 2202956749081564585L;

    // Need to maintain serialization interoperability with earlier releases,
    // which had the serializable field:
    //    private Vector permissions;

    /**
     * @serialField permissions java.util.Vector
     *     A list of FilePermission objects.
     */
    private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = {
        new ObjectStreamField("permissions", Vector.class),
    };

    /**
     * @serialData "permissions" field (a Vector containing the FilePermissions).
     */
    /*
     * Writes the contents of the perms field out as a Vector for
     * serialization compatibility with earlier releases.
     */
    private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
	// Don't call out.defaultWriteObject()

	// Write out Vector
	Vector permissions = new Vector(perms.size());
	synchronized (this) {
	    permissions.addAll(perms);
	}

        ObjectOutputStream.PutField pfields = out.putFields();
        pfields.put("permissions", permissions);
        out.writeFields();
    }

    /*
     * Reads in a Vector of FilePermissions and saves them in the perms field.
     */
    private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, 
    ClassNotFoundException {
	// Don't call defaultReadObject()

	// Read in serialized fields
	ObjectInputStream.GetField gfields = in.readFields();

	// Get the one we want
	Vector permissions = (Vector)gfields.get("permissions", null);
	perms = new ArrayList(permissions.size());
	perms.addAll(permissions);
    }
}
